India-Pakistan conflict 2025
A serious terrorist attack in May 2025 led to a military conflict between India and Pakistan. Tensions have increased day by day because of India-Pakistan conflict. Various media reports have suggested that there is a long history of hostility behind the India-Pakistan conflict. Because of nuclear-armed country, it has concern fears of another dangerous situation between the neighbors.
The background of the conflict:
On 22 April 2025, a brutal terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Anantnag district of Indian-administered Kashmir, killed 27 people, including 25 Hindu pilgrims, 1 Christian tourist, and a local Muslim man. The Indian Home Ministry blamed the attack on the Islamic Resistance Front (IRF), a proxy for the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT).
India’s response to Operation Sindoor
India launched Revenge called “Operation Sindoor”, in which Rafale jets armed with SCALP cruise missiles and AASM Hammer bombs were used to strike nine locations in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The targets included:
A Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) seminary in Bahawalpur, Lashkar-e-Taiba safe houses in Muridke, Camps across the Line of Control (LoC). India claimed that the strikes were “precise and intelligence-based” and successfully neutralized infrastructure used to train and harbor terrorists.
Reaction of Pakistan: Threat of Revenge
Pakistan condemned the attack as provocative and is reported to have agreed with its National Security Committee on a military response. In the hours following the Indian airstrikes, cross-border shelling resumed along the LoC, with reports of civilian casualties on both sides. Pakistan also claimed that India targeted civilian areas, including the Bilal Mosque situated in Muzaffarabad.
Diplomatic Fallout: Breaking Treaties and Ties
In a major escalation, India announced its suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty, the 1960 agreement brokered by the World Bank for sharing rivers.
Meanwhile, both countries have: Expelled each other’s ambassadors, Suspended visa services, Halted all bilateral dialogue, Pakistan closed its airspace to Indian civilian and military flights, Suspended the 1972 Shimla Agreement
International Concerns: Warnings and Appeals
The United States, the United Nations, and the EU have called on both sides to exercise restraint. The UK parliament has warned that it could cause a catastrophe in South Asia. China has urged both sides to avoid unilateral action, although it has largely remained neutral.
Call: Tension or Control:
Although neither India nor Pakistan seems keen on war, the rapid breakdown of diplomacy and active hostilities along the Line of Control have created an unstable environment. Analysts are warning that controlled tension could lead to unintended consequences. Therefore, it is better not to attack or violate the airspace in this case.
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Q&A Section
Question 1: What caused the latest India-Pakistan conflict?
A terrorist attack in Indian-administered Kashmir on April 22, 2025, in which 27 civilians were killed, triggered the conflict. India blamed Pakistani militant groups for the war and responded militarily.
Question 2: What is Operation Sindh?
It was a targeted operation by the Indian Air Force to strike terrorist infrastructure in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir on May 7, 2025.
Question 3: How did Pakistan respond to the attacks?
Pakistan declared the attacks war, authorized retaliation, resumed artillery shelling, and claimed civilian casualties, including the destruction of a mosque.
Question 4: Has the diplomatic situation deteriorated?
Yes. Both countries have expelled diplomats, terminated treaties (such as the Indus Waters Treaty), closed airspace, and suspended all communication channels.
Question 5: What has been the global response?
The international community, including the United States and the United Kingdom, has called for calm and de-escalation, fearing that the conflict could escalate due to the nuclear capabilities of both countries.
Source: Wikipedia, The Guardian, Business Standard, Huffington post
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